Landscapes, Scale, and Government Policy :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Landscapes, Scale, and Goernment PolicyThe process of landscape painting multifariousness arrive at finally caught the attention of the public and governments of the United States. Now that we ar equipped with the knowledge that we must at least control our personal effects on landscapes, we should insure that our policies are a reflection of informed and accurate decisions. This has been proven to be very difficult, as there are many factors that must be considered when addressing landscape change including issues of spatial and temporal scales of landscape processes. This type of scale is best described as the spatial or temporal dimension of a certain(prenominal) process (Turner, 2000). Scales may vary, ranging from the broad temporal and spatial scale of plate tectonics to the fine scale processes of insect herbivory. Landscape change has different effects along different levels of scale, and thus, should be treated similarly as well. These varying scales must be consi dered when drafting the many policies that contend with the changing landscapes in crop to carry out a positive effect.Landscapes are controlled by dynamic variables across different scales that occur within the environment. Wildfires, herbivory, climate, and development, among others, all contribute to those transformations. These types of landscape disturbances stinkpot also occur across different scales, both spatial and temporal. Consider a small brush fire occurring in the backyard of a small residential neighborhood for a few hours before becoming extinguished by the local fire department. The spatial and temporal scales of this type of landscape disturbance are minimal. When compared to the Cerro Grande wildfires that occurred in New Mexico during May of 2000, the effects of the same type of disturbance are immensely different. As a result, the Cerro Grande Prescribe Fire had burned over 45,000 acres for almost 2 weeks and will have left the landscape in a dramaticall y different state (NPS, 2000). We can see the vastly different effects of each of the same disturbance on the landscape.These scaling effects may be applied to other types of landscape change as well. In many studies, landscape ecologists such as Monica Turner, Dean Urban, and J.A. Wiens are including issues of scale as an integral part of their research. It is now evident that every change in scale brings with it changes in patterns and processes (Wiens, 1989.) All landscapes are dynamic including anthropogenic landscapes.

The Male Characters in Alice in Wonderland Essay -- Alice in Wonderla

It is amazing that nearly all critics of Lewis Carrolls Alice in Wonderland focused solely on the caliber and adventures of the female protagonist/hero. A somewhat right-wing and didactic critique at Decent Films writes, Alice embodies the gender feminist narrative of vibrant young girls losing their mojo as they come of age in patriarchal society. The womans magazine, Jezebel, while praising the movie as refreshingly feminist seemed to notice only that the hero who fights against the forces of evil is a woman. Jezebel work forcetions opposite subjects, but does not take the time to catalogue their relationship to feminism. In an Associated Content piece by Adriana Tanese-Nogueria which does, commendably, explore the feminist theme much more richly than many other reviews, still, the main focus is on Alices journey of feminist liberation. But Lewis Carroll also takes a look at the men in this story. Men during the Victorian era were known to have the control over the ho usehold and have a job. Their lives were around getting the perfect married woman and making a lot of money. So when one reads some of the characters in Alice in Wonderland, one can see some difference in how he portrays some of the characters. When thinking about male characters, one would have to also include the male animal characters. During the time Carroll wrote this book, some would say that he bace the character on real people. The animals that portray different men that Lewis Carroll knew in the Victorian era. One could not talk about the men without including every male character . So first lets start talking about the one character that leads Alice down the rabbit hole in the first place. The pureness rabbit is the one who gets Alice interested in... ... Refreshingly Feminist, Lacks Heart. (The Jezebel review also provided a list of other sources for reviews. It was very helpful in preparing this piece.) http//jezebel.com/5486801/alice-in-wonderland-refreshingly-femin ist-lacks-heartNational Catholic Register. Reprinted at Decent Films. Alice in Wonderland (2010). Steven D. Greydanus. http//www.decentfilms.com/reviews/aliceinwonderland2010Sigler, Carolyn. Authorizing Alice Professional Authority, the Literary Marketplace, and Victorian Womens Re-Visions of the Alice Books. The Lion and the Unicorn 22.3 (1998) 351-63. ProQuest. Web. 7 may 2014.Spilka, Mark. Victorian Childhoods. Michigan Quarterly Review 39.2 (2000) 411-21. ProQuest. Web. 7 May 2014.Woolf, Jenny. Lewis Carrolls Shifting Reputation. Smithsonian.com. Smithsonian InstitutionScholarly Press. April 2010. Web. 6 May 2014.

Life in the Sixties :: essays research papers

Life in the SixtiesSometimes in life people do strange things, and while others may observe it as a harmless act, human morals can make it seem otherwise. In the story A & P John Updike reveals what it is like to have been a young man who worked in a grocery store in the nineteen-sixties and what it was like to see threesome young girls walk in with only ii pieces on. The semi- sexist thoughts of how Sammy describes the young girls when they walk in, the three girls walking in to the grocery store in only two pieces was obviously against the moral standards of that day, and sometimes small, manifestly insignificant actions and events can push a person to make a life-changing decisions, are the themes of John Updikes story. How men perceive women is a funny thing, Sammy, the unity who is telling the story, gives, what we call sexual, and almost kind of a perverted way of describing the girls. Updike used his descriptions of the girls to bring out that men, even then had impure t houghts of women and the way that we perceive them sometimes, really though, its the nineteen-sixties and in walks three beautiful girls in not just bathing suits, but two pieces Of course a male heed is going to start racing a million miles per second. So begins the sexual descriptions of the girls. So as Sammy is ringing up the ladys food at the cash register, he cant help but be distracted, Updike shows us this when Sammy says I stood there with a box of HiHo crackers trying to call back if I rang it up or not. I ring it up and the customer starts giving me hell(p.344). Updike clearly showed that the girls were a distraction to Sammy, and how easy it was for his thoughts to go astray. The three girls walking into the A & P was not what was wrong, it was the fact that they came in wearing bathing suits. Not just the normal bathing suit, but a bikini By law, one had to be over eighteen just to get in to a movie if there were going to be women in bikinis in it. Two piece bathing suits were practically unheard of and if someone was caught wearing one, they might have been considered rampantly and irresponsible. Walking into the grocery store would be were the wild part comes in.

Howards End by E. M. Forster Essay -- Howards Howard End EM Forster E

Howards End by E. M. Forster Howards End by E. M. Forster deals with the conflict of single out distinctions and human relationships. The quintessence of the main theme of this lovely novel is Only connectOnly connect the prose and passionand human love will be seen at its height. Live in fragments no longer. This excerpt represents the main idea that Forster carries through the book relationships, not social status, are--or at least should be--the most in-chief(postnominal) thing for people.Howards End was written in 1910. That explains the naivete and idealism that permeate the atmosphere of the novel. Written in the beginning of the twentieth century in England to the highest degree the beginning of the twentieth century in England it reflects the mood that existed in England at that time. It was a time of prosperity. The industrial revolution that started in the previous century make the British Empire a world power. Everyone had a job and the conditions for the workers signi ficantly improved as compared to the past century. Trade unions that never existed before had just begun to remains to protect the rights of the working people, and poor children didnt have to work in mines anymore. A bloody and seemingly meaningless war hadnt yet begun to destroy bodies and devastate souls of people. broadly speaking speaking, the times were good, and the future was viewed in an optimistic way. The atmosphere of the book is filled with romance and desire, even though the author is very far from writing an Utopian type of description of English society.In fact, the book is very truthful in the description of class problems of the country. In Howards End Forster talks about two classes and two ideologies that are separated by the thick wall of social prejudices and misunderstandings. The two social groups are represented by the cultured, idealistic Schlegels and the pragmatic, business-oriented Wilcoxes. The Schlegel Sisters, who arent pure English, but people o f German origin, personify Forsters dream about what peoples philosophy of life should be. They used to think about the class differences as obstacles that do not allow people to in full understand each other. The hope is that if everybody thinks that way, people will just forget about class differences--thats what Forsters dream is. Margaret and Helen Schlegels fibrely think this way because being part of minority group i... ...ccur. Unfortunately, there was nothing in English society at the beginning of the twentieth century that could have given a hope of such an subverting, and there is not too much now.But who cares?We have to be optimistic sometimes and hope for a better future. Too much of Hemingways things end badly approach will make us all sick, tired, incorrigible pessimists. We need novels, movies, cartoons that end happily to bring some hope to our world where--Hemingway was right--too numerous things end too badly. This lovely and romantic book is worth reading, f or its an excellent candy in the world of our bitter reality. The idea of being comrades and only connecting suits any cast in the world at any time. Why not follow it, why not pay attention to personality only instead of reservation a big fuss about a persons social status or the amount of money an individual has? This book is too romantic, but the powerfulness of being romantic is, after all, our strength. Who knows, maybe things that seem too idealistic to us today will become the fundamental society principles tomorrow. Who knows, maybe in the future people all over the world will only connect and be happy. At least, one may hope.

Criticisms in An Inspector Calls Essay -- Critics An Inspector Calls S

Criticisms in An quizzer CallsAn Inspector Calls is a very thought provoking and rousing play. Itwas obviously written to make a strong tear down and illustrate the favorablegap between classes. This play was written in 1945 and since then,times and situations have changed enormously. However, this play stillhas great relevance today ascribable to the circumstance that as a country we retainstrong upper class societies who are very definitely detached.In the following essay, I experience to outline the many arguments and linesof thought that this play incites. To illustrate this I leave behind useextracts from the play. I will also use my own thoughts and opinionsBefore the Inspector enters, we are already forming opinions and viewson the characters. Mr Birling seems very worried about wealth andsocial ranking. He says to Gerald who is his daughters fianc, Youought to like this bearing Gerald. Finchley told me its exactly the uniformport as your father gets from him. Geralds parents have a muchhigher social status than Mr Birling, and he is obviously trying toimpress Gerald so he will pass it on to his parents.Mrs Birling also seems very prudish and stuffy. When Mr Birling makesa comment about the quality of the meal and asks her to inform thecook she replies with, Arthur, youre non supposed to say suchthings- Although not as obvious as her husband, she is also trying tomake a good impression and convey the fact that she is an importantlady, with wealth and rank.She is anxious for the marriage between Sheila and Gerald to go aheadbecause she is always trying to smooth things over and make it runsmoothly. For example, when Gerald tries to get Sheila to demand howmuch he loves her and she does not r... ...n anywayor show any sorrow or repentance. I conceive of that this shows that olderpeople find it harder to typeset and some people are just set in theirways and have no inclination to change.The play also illustrates and criticises the gap in socia l stature andbehaviour. If people are believed to be upper class then they treatanyone below them with disdain and no interest. This play isillustrating that the Inspector treats both classes with the sameattitude. He treats the Birlings with the same respect or resistancehe would to any other suspect or interviewee. He does not give thempreferential treatment and I think that this is showing how everyoneshould treat each other.The play is criticising the fact that as individuals we do notconsider the consequences of our actions, and that as a society we donot top what one action can lead to.

Criticisms in An Inspector Calls Essay -- Critics An Inspector Calls S

Criticisms in An Inspector CallsAn Inspector Calls is a very thought provoking and stirring play. Itwas obviously written to make a strong point and illustrate the amicablegap between classes. This play was written in 1945 and since then,times and situations earn changed enormously. However, this play stillhas great relevance today due to the fact that as a country we retainstrong upper class societies who be very definitely detached.In the following essay, I aim to outline the many arguments and linesof thought that this play incites. To illustrate this I will useextracts from the play. I will also use my own thoughts and opinionsBefore the Inspector enters, we are already forming opinions and viewson the characters. Mr Birling seems very worried about wealth andsocial ranking. He says to Gerald who is his daughters fianc, Youought to like this port Gerald. Finchley told me its exactly the sameport as your father gets from him. Geralds parents have a muchhigher social status th an Mr Birling, and he is obviously laborious toimpress Gerald so he will pass it on to his parents.Mrs Birling also seems very prudish and stuffy. When Mr Birling makesa gloss about the quality of the meal and asks her to inform thecook she replies with, Arthur, youre not supposed to say suchthings- Although not as obvious as her husband, she is also nerve-wracking tomake a good impression and convey the fact that she is an importantlady, with wealth and rank.She is anxious for the marriage between Sheila and Gerald to go aheadbecause she is always trying to smooth things over and make it runsmoothly. For example, when Gerald tries to get Sheila to admit howmuch he loves her and she does not r... ...n anywayor show any sorrow or repentance. I think that this shows that olderpeople find it harder to adjust and some people are just set in theirways and have no inclination to change.The play also illustrates and criticises the gap in social stature andbehaviour. If people are belie ved to be upper class then they treatanyone below them with disdain and no interest. This play isillustrating that the Inspector treats both classes with the sameattitude. He treats the Birlings with the same respect or resistancehe would to any other suspect or interviewee. He does not give thempreferential treatment and I think that this is showing how everyoneshould treat each other.The play is criticising the fact that as individuals we do not imagine the consequences of our actions, and that as a society we donot realise what one action can lead to.

Attitude Formation Essay

military capability Formation/ Change Essay Plan INTRODUCTION What atomic number 18 Attitudes? A learned sensitivity to behave in a consistently favourable or unfavourable manner with respect to a given object, they atomic number 18 also transferable simplifies the decision making as what has been learnt from one The spatial relation object It includes specific consumption or marketing concepts such as product, product category, brand, service, possessions, product use, price, package etc. Eg.Consumer stances towards online shopping. Attitudes are a learned predisposition that means emplacements are make uped as a result of prior direct experience with the object through word of mouth, information acquired from others or from advertising. Attitudes are relatively consistent with the behaviour they reflect. They usually occur within a situation such as an event or circumstance that, at a item point in time, influence the relationship between attitude and behaviour.In consumer behaviour attitudes usually relate to consistent purchase, recommendations, top rankings, beliefs, military ratings, intentions. BODY Tricomponent model -cognitive- the familiarity and perceptions acquired from direct contact with a product Affective the emotions and feelings helping to evaluate the product Conative the tendency to behave or act in a particular way MULTI ATTRIBUTE MODEL Attitude toward object model Suitable for measuring attitudes towards a brand, product, or service or specific brand.Presence or evaluation of certain product specific beliefs about the product-Level of positive and negative attributes, favourable or unfavourable attitudes towards the product. Attitude towards behaviour An individuals attitude towards behaving or acting to an object rather than an attitude towards the object itself. Eg. Your reaction/action when you are presented with a BMW. Theory of reasoned action An integration of attitude components- the affective, the cognitive, conative-has b een designed to give market researchers a esearch tool that better predicts and explains consumer behaviour. Theory of planned consumers are affected by perceived behavioural control , there skills of resources bed influence the outcome, has been used to understand the willingness to engage in a broad range of activities. How attitudes are learnt -As attitudes are formed, there is a shift from no attitude to some attitude towards a particular object -this shift in attitude is a result of learning established brand names are often perceived favourably, as the result of stimulus generalisation (classical conditioning) -Sometimes attitudes follow the trial purchase of the product (instrumental conditioning) Attitudes are learned through -classical conditioning ingeminate satisfaction with other products from the same organisation -instrumental conditioning a new product is purchased= if it proves satisfactory consumers are likely to develop a favourable attitude towards it -Cognitive learning attitudes are formed of the basis of information found and the consumers own beliefs and knowledge.Sources of influence on formation of attitudes family, friends, personal experience, promotional activities, mass media, internet. Personality and Attitude formation Personality plays a critical role in attitude formation , those with a high need for cognition are likely to form positive attitudes to promotions that are rich in product related information Those with a low need of cognition have more positive attitudes towards promotions that frolic attractive models or well known celebrities.

The Role of Input and Interaction in Sla

The role of foreplay and interaction in SLA Terminology infix any oral communication direct at the scholarly individual in rail the portion of input that bookmans nonice and therefore take into temporary memory. Intake may subsequently be accommodated in the pupils interlanguage system (become part of long-term memory). However, not all intake is so accommodated. knocked out(p)put what the learner produces (spoken & written language) and how much he understands from the input input intake output views on the role of input ? behaviourist There is a direct relationship between input and output.Acquisition is believed to be controlled by external factors, and the learner is viewed as a passive medium. They ignore the internal processing that takes place in learners mind. Input consists of ? stimuli with stimuli, the person speaking to the learnermodels specific linguistic formswhich the learner internalizes byimitatingthem ? feedback it takes the form of positive reinforcem ent or correction. The possibility of shaping L2 achievement by manipulating input to provide appropriate stimuli and adequate feedback mentalist They emphasize the importance of the learners black box. Input is still seen as essential for L2 acquisition, simply it is provided a trigger that starts internal language processing. Learners have innate seeledge of the possible forms that any single language nooky take and use the tuition supplied by the input to arrive at the forms that apply in the case of the L2 they are trying to learn. Input is insufficient to enable learners to arrive at the rules of the home run language. ? interactionist ognitive interactionist Acquisition is a product of the interaction of the linguistic environment and the learners internal mechanisms, with neither viewed as primary. Input has a determining function in language acquisition, but just now within constraints imposed by the learners internal mechanisms. social interactionist Verbal interact ion is crucial for language learning as it helps to make the facts of the L2 salient to the learner. comprehensible input (Krashen 1981) Input is a major causative factor in L2 acquisition Learners progress along the natural edict by soul input that contains structures a little bit beyond their on-going level of competence (i+1) Comprehensible input is necessary to acquisition to take place, but it is not sufficient learners need encouragement to let in the input they comprehend Input becomes comprehensible as a result of diminution and with the help of considerationual and extralinguistic clues Fine-tuning (= provision of the linguistic features which the learners is ready to acquire bordering and using them, opposite rough-tuning) is not necessary Speaking is the result of acquisition, not its cause, learner production does not contribute directly to acquisition input and intake. Input refers to what is available to the learner, whereas intake refers to what is actuall y internalized (or, in Corders terms, taken in) by the learner. Any one who has been in a situation of learning a second/foreign language is familiar with the situation in which the language one hears is only incomprehensible, to the extent that it may not even be possible to separate the stream of speech into words.Whereas this is input, because it is available to the learner, it is not intake, because it goes in one ear and out the other it is not integrated into the occurrent learner-language system. This sort of input appears to serve no greater purpose for the learner than does that language that is never heard. Conceptually, one can think of the input as that language (in both spoken and written forms) to which the learner is exposed If there is a natural order of acquisition, how is it that learners move from one point to another? The Input Hypothesis provides the answer. Second languages are acquired by understanding messages, or by receiving comprehensible input (Krashen , 1985, p. 2). Krashen defined comprehensible input in a particular way.Essentially, comprehensible input is that bit of language that is heard/read and that is slightly ahead of a learners current state of grammatical fuckledge. Language containing structures a learner already knows essentially serves no purpose in acquisition. Similarly, language containing structures way ahead of a learners current knowledge is not useful. A learner does not have the ability to do anything with those structures. Krashen defined a learners current state of knowledge as i and the next stage as i + 1. Thus the input a learner is exposed to must be at the i + 1 level in order for it to be of use in terms of acquisition. We move from i, our current level to i + 1, the next level along the natural order, by understanding input containing i + 1In Krashens view, the Input Hypothesis is central to all of acquisition and also has implications for the classroom. a Speaking is a result of acquisition and no t its cause. Speech cannot be taught directly but emerges on its own as a result of building competence via comprehensible input. b If input is understood, and there is enough of it, the necessary grammar is automatically provided. The language teacher need not movement deliberately to teach the next structure along the natural orderit will be provided in just the right quantities and automatically reviewed if the student receives a sufficient amount of comprehensible input. there are numerous difficulties with the concept.First, the hypothesis itself is not specific as to how to define levels of knowledge. Thus, if we are to validate this hypothesis, we must know how to define a particular level (say, level 1904) so that we can know whether the input contains linguistic level 1905 and, if so, whether the learner, as a result, moves to level 1905. Krashen only stated that We acquire by understanding language that contains structure a bit beyond our current level of competence (i + 1). This is done with the help of context or extralinguistic information (1982, p. 21). Second is the issue of quantity. Krashen states that there has to be sufficient quantity of the appropriate input.But what is sufficient quantity? How do we know whether the quantity is sufficient or not? One token, two tokens, 777 tokens? And, perhaps the quantity necessary for change depends on developmental level, or how ready the learner is to acquire a new form. Third, how does extralinguistic information aid in actual acquisition, or internalization of a linguistic rule, if by understanding Krashen meant understanding at the level of meaning (see below and chapter 14 for a different interpretation of understanding)? We may be able to understand something that is beyond our grammatical knowledge, but how does that translate into grammatical acquisition?

Children advertisements Essay

Children see thousands of advertisements on TV, in other media and as conk out of their daily environment. You can support your child develop an important skill for life by talking about what ads be and what theyre trying to do. Members of the answerable Advertising to Children Program work to ensure that marketing is sensitive to the needs and concerns of children and families. They work toward this objective by Reaching out to parents and stakeholders to understand societal expectations Marketers are great communicators and are often innovative and creative. By listening to parents and families, marketers can use their skills to help parents convey messages that help children adopt good habits. Parents often study they need support in promoting right versus wrong, healthy nutrition, the importance of sleep and exercise and so on. We work with parents, schools and child experts to identify opportunities to use marketing to help convey positive educational messages.Reaching in t o marketers to sensitize them to societal expectations RAC members recognize that marketers must be conscientious about any form of communicating that is likely to appeal to children. We seek to build trust in marketing communications by ensuring that we apply robust standards through effective self-regulatory systems. They proof that non all advertisement that target children can be bad some advertisement can teach children greet vales such as The cereal commercial teach children the importance of eating breakfast every morning and how the vitamins are good for them and show them that eating breakfast could be fun by supply fruits and honey. And the Colgate ads teach the children how to brush their teeth the right way and how brush their teeth twice a day help Prevent cavities.

Review of Hunger Games Movie Essay

I thought that The longing Games movie was overall an ok choose with just the right amount of special affects and action sequences to complement a decent story. The director and producers stuck very restricting to the book as far as the story goes. This explains why the movie runs for over two hours. Although the events were very accurate, there were certain things that were not explained properly in the movie whichmovie, which changed its interpretation.One thing that daunted me was lack of explanation behind Katnisss and Peetas relationship. I was fortunate enough have analyzed the book so I, or course, knew that the relationship started mangle as fake in the beginning and kindled into actuality. As a person watching the movie, you would think that Katniss simply fell in love with Peeta as time passed. Within the movie, tThey also neglected to elaborate on the dog-creatures at the end of the story, which were genetically engineered from the dead tributes.The lack of this detai l prevented the audience from fully mind the depravity of the Capital and their general disregard for the people of the districts. Also, Rues death was made to look like it was not the fault of Katniss, but other tribute. Again, I think this hurt the movie because it did not depict the type of sacrifices struggles one had to make endure in order to survive the Hunger Games. era the movie lacked some details, others were added in their place to perhaps aid in telling the story the way it was meant to be told.One thing that was added was the behind the scenes concussion between the Game Keeper and the leader of the Capital. These meeting help to reveal the Capitals hidden agenda with the Hunger Games, which otherwise would be chartless to a person watching the movie without having read the book. Also, they showed the districts rioting at the death of Rue. This is helps to illustrate the hatred and anger that the people of the districts have for the games and I mean its easier to make that scene than it is to imply it through the houghts of Katniss and dialogue between the characters, like in the book. All in all, I think the movie stuck very close to the book and I found that to be very refreshing. Compared to most movie adaptations, such as the devastate Potter series, its sticks more closely to the story. In the Harry Potter movies, the studio likewisek a fair amount of artistic license with the stories and changed many finite details.This was likely done because of lack of funding and screen time. The Hunger Games did not have this problem probably because the story if more realistic than that of the magic conjuring, broomstick flying Harry Potter. There is little need for computing machine generated imagery (CGI) in this movie and the book is kept at a reasonable length so the movie did not have to compromise too much. This to me is the thing that it did best and I look forward to seeing the next one.